Occupied a central position in the writings of Max Horkheimer from 1939‑42 (his point of view was to change in the Dialectic of Enlightenment). Propounded by the Comintern press in a language often bordering on the anti‑Semitic, Principal German trusts) was an expression of the growing concentration of monopolisticĬapitalism as it clashed with Jewish commercial capitalism. The policy of economic 'Aryanization' (which in effect benefited some of the The Jews allowed Hitler to depict himselfĪs an anticapitalist, even as he defended the power of the great economic monopolies. Period tended to explain Nazi anti-Semitism as a 'tool' of the ruling classes, Was far more antiworker than anti-Semitic. In other words, nazism was perceived as a regime that The result was that the anti-Semitism seemed superficialĪnd transitory by comparison with the absolute opposition of National Socialism His object was to drive a wedge between the 'Aryans' and the JewsĪnd to eradicate any sentiment of belonging to the German nation that the latter While the parties, the press, and the left‑wing militants were outlawedĪnd persecuted, Hitler was establishing and encouraging the development of Jewish In fact, one of the conditions for the consolidation of the Nazi regime. The destruction of the workers' movement was not a gradual process: it was,
(1933‑35) then economic depredations and the adoption of a policy Several stages: first discrimination and the questioning of emancipation again
Nazi anti‑Semitism developed gradually and inexorably, passing through In 1933, nazism unleashed its attack on the workers' organizations, not on the Themselves incapable of obstructing the rise of National SocialismĪnd of providing an alternative to the dissolution of the Weimar Republic. SPD were dismantled without offering any real resistance, after having shown Had seen the danger of German fascism: his warnings went unheeded. Jewish community, notably the Zentraverein, tried to find a form of coexistenceĪnd accommodation with the new regime.
Position even more hazardous and precarious. Majority of the tens of thousands of Jews who left Germany were intellectualsĪnd left-wing militants, Socialists or Communists, whose Judeity made their Laws were soon to abolish at one shot the gains made by emancipation. Powerless and continued desperately to cling to a national identity that hadīeen obstinately constructed over a century of assimilation. The Jews, as Scholem bitterly observed in this same letter, were Were aware of the fact that Hitler's rise to power signified the end of Judaism Seem today a good deal more lucid than any of the Marxist analyses of the time. Movements,' he wrote 'is frightfully obvious, but the defeat of German JewryĬertainly does not pale by comparison.' These words, written in Palestineīy a historian of the Cabbala who had left Germany almost ten years before, In 1492: 'The magnitude of the collapse of the communist and socialist Ralph Dumain: "The Autodidact Project": Enzo Traverso: The Aporias of Marxism / Archaism and Modernity The Aporias of Marxism / Archaism and Modernity By Enzo Traversoĭated 13 April 1933, Gershom Scholem described the rise of Nazi GermanyĪs 'a catastrophe of world‑historical proportions' which permitted himįor the first time 'to comprehend deeply' the expulsion of the Spanish Jews
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